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Regulatory BodyNational Parks / Wildlife Sanctuaries / Ramsar Sites etc
Goa has more than 33% of its geographic area under government forests (1224.38 km²) of which about 62% has been brought under Protected Areas (PA) of Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Park. . Goa is the only state in India which has protected the complete Western Ghats’ section within a state. Goa’s four wildlife sanctuaries and 1 National Park are located on the eastern side of the state in the Western Ghats Physiographic Division, covering an area of about 750 km2 (290 sq mi) . In Total Goa has 5 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 1 National Park , 1 Bird Sanctury and 1 Ramsar Site
1. Environmental Sites of Goa
Mhadei WLS and TR
Bhimgad WLS
Mollem NP
R. Terekhol
Madkhol Dam
Manohar Mansantosh Gad
Tiracol Fort
Manohar Int. Airport
Querim Beach
Terekhol River
R. Chapora
Tilari Project
Alorna Fort
Silom Bridge
Morjim Beach
Chapora Fort
Chapora River
R. Mandovi
Jalavne Waterfall
Mhadei WLS and TR
Bhimgad WLS (Belagavi)
Ustem Dam
Anjunem Dam
Querim Dam
Mollem NP and Bhagwan Mahavir WLS
Miramar Beach
Surla Waterfall
Dudhsagar Waterfall
Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary
Mollem NP and Bhagwan Mahavir WLS
Mhadei WLS and TR
Mandovi River
R. Zuari
Marmagao (South Goa)
Marmagao Port and Bay
Salaulim Dam
Netravali WLS
New Zuari River Bridge
Zuari River
Location
History
The Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary was established on May 18, 1999 .It is being considered to become a TR under Project Tiger. [In July 2023, the Goa bench of the Bombay High Court directed the Government of Goa to declare the sanctuary a tiger reserve.]
Geography
It is named after the Mhadei River, which flows through the area. It has various Geographic Features like picturesque waterfalls, Goa Highest Peaks, Villages among others.
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : Indian gaur, Barking deer, Sambar deer, Asian palm civet, small Indian civet, Wild boar, Indian hare etc.
⇒ Flora: The sanctuary is thickly forested with moist deciduous vegetation and some evergreen species too. The sanctuary is particularly well-known for its sacred groves that protect rare and indigenous trees.
Location
History
The sanctuary is named after Salim Ali, the eminent Indian ornithologist who made significant contributions to the study of birds in India and was established in 1988.
Geography
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : Little bittern, black bittern, red knot, jack snipe, pied avocet, striated heron, western reef heron, mudskippers, fiddler crabs, etc.There are over 400 avian species, both resident and migratory, that call Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary home.
⇒ Flora: The sanctuary is made up of tidal water bodies, mudflats, and dense mangrove vegetation, creating an ideal habitat for a myriad of bird species.
Location
Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park IS located in the District and Subdivision of📍The area is situated near the town of Molem. It covers as area of 178 ha (440 acres)
History
This area was first known as Mollem Game Sanctuary. It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1969 and renamed as Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary. The core area of the sanctuary covering 107 square kilometres (41 sq mi) was notified as Mollem National Park in 1978.
Geography
This sanctuary and national park contain several geological, cultural and visitor service attractions that make this largest protected area in Goa a popular visitor destination
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : Leopard, Bengal tiger, bonnet macaque, gaur, Malabar giant squirrel, porcupine, slender loris. Major Avifauna: Greater Indian hornbill, ruby-throated yellow bulbul (the state bird of Goa).This sanctuary is famous for its snakes, particularly the king cobra.
⇒ Flora: tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, and moist deciduous forests.
Location
Netravali located in the District and Subdivision of Locate . spreads over an area of 211.05 km2.
History
Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary was established on June 3, 1999 as a protected area in the state of Goa,
Geography
The Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary which is an extremely significant source of fresh water is known to be named after the Netravali or Neturli which is an important tributary of the Zuari River. Netravali WLS has two all-season waterfalls named Locate. On its Eastern side is the Tiger Reserve of Locate. while the Northern and Southern Sides is Bhagwan Mahaveer WLS and Cotigao WLS
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : Leopard, Giant Squirrel, Mouse Deer, Nilgiri Wood Pigeon and Ceylon Frogmouth.
⇒ Flora: The forest is a predominantly moist deciduous type with patches of semi-evergreen forest in the valleys. The high-altitude areas in the hills have natural grassy patches that provide ideal habitat for the herbivorous population.
Location
Location: Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary is located between the District and Subdivision of Locate. [Note in all sources it is mentioned to be in Ponda Taluka of North Goa but as per Satellite Imagery and Google Maps it is what it is] . The total area of the park is 8 km2.making it one of the smallest protected area. It is the only zoological park in Goa.
History
Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary was officially established in the year 1969
Geography
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : Bondla provides sanctuary to leopards who have been injured in human-wildlife conflict, as well as “dancing” bears and cobras.
⇒ Flora: The area is thickened with deciduous forests with a few dapples of evergreen trees.
Location
Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the District and Subdivision of Locate . Encompassing an area of 86 km2.
History
The Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary was established in 1969 to protect a remote and vulnerable area of forest lining the Goa- Karnataka border.
Geography
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : Leopard, Giant Squirrel, Mouse Deer, Nilgiri Wood Pigeon and Ceylon Frogmouth.
⇒ Flora:The undulating terrain, favorable ecological and climatic conditions result in the rich diversity of flora in this region as well. The noteworthy among are Black (melanistic) Leopard, Sloth Bear, Painted Bat, Indian Pied Hornbill, Larger Golden Backed Woodpecker and variety of other faunal diversity.
Location
The Nanda Lake Ramsar site is located in Locate . Covering an area of 0.42 square kilometres, it is the only Ramsar wetland site in Goa.
History
Nanda Lake in Goa, India was notified as a wetland in 2021 and declared a Ramsar wetland site in 2022. On August 3, 2022, it was declared a Ramsar wetland site under the 2022 Ramsar Convention. Significance
Geography
It is an intermittent freshwater marsh adjacent to one of the tributary of the Zuari River
Flora and Faurna
⇒ Fauna : The wetland is home to red-wattled lapwing, black-headed ibis, bronze-winged jacana, brahminy kite, common kingfisher, wire-tailed swallow, intermediate egret, little cormorant and lesser whistling duck.
⇒ Flora: The forest is a predominantly moist deciduous type with patches of semi-evergreen forest in the valleys. The high-altitude areas in the hills have natural grassy patches that provide ideal habitat for the herbivorous population.