Sun and its Parts

The Sun's convection zone is the outermost layer of the Sun's interior, extending from the radiative zone to the surface of the Sun. The convection zone is where energy is carried from the Sun's core to its surface through convection currents:

Temperature The base of the convection zone is about 2,000,000° C, while the top is about 5,700° C.
Density : The density at the surface is about 1/10,000th the density of air at sea level.
Convection currents : As hot plasma rises from the radiative zone, it cools and becomes denser, causing it to sink back down. The plasma is then heated again and rises again, creating convection currents that carry energy to the surface.
Granulation ; The convection currents appear as granules and supergranules on the Sun's surface

Sunspots are temporary spots on the Sun's surface that are darker than the surrounding area. They are one of the most recognizable Solar phenomena and despite the fact that they are mostly visible in the solar photosphere they usually affect the entire solar atmosphere. Duration: Sunspots can last from days to months.

They appear darker because they are cooler than the surrounding areas, ranging from 5,000 to 7,600 degrees Fahrenheit.